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Home  /  Treatments  /  Bone marrow transplant  /  Leukaemia and stem cell transplant

Leukaemia and stem cell transplant in India

Stem cell transplantation is used for selected blood cancers, including some acute and chronic leukaemias. The transplant plan depends on disease type, molecular risk, remission status, prior treatment and donor options.

Transplant is usually considered as part of a larger cancer plan rather than as an isolated procedure. The treating haematologist determines whether transplant is appropriate. The first question is not “which hospital is cheapest?” It is whether transplant is medically appropriate and what donor strategy gives the best balance of benefit and risk.

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Leukaemia and stem cell transplant
Bone marrow & stem cell transplant pathway
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The transplant centre makes the clinical decision. TIB HIND coordinates the international patient pathway.
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On this page
  1. What this condition means
  2. How it is assessed
  3. When transplant is considered
  4. Donor and transplant options
  5. What your India journey looks like
  6. Questions patients ask
The condition

What this diagnosis means

Stem cell transplantation is used for selected blood cancers, including some acute and chronic leukaemias. The transplant plan depends on disease type, molecular risk, remission status, prior treatment and donor options.

Common pathway

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)

Treatment question

Is transplant appropriate now, later, or not at all?

Information needed

Diagnosis, disease status, previous treatment, organ function and donor information.

Important: Transplant is usually considered as part of a larger cancer plan rather than as an isolated procedure. The treating haematologist determines whether transplant is appropriate.
Assessment

How the transplant team assesses the case

01
Confirm the diagnosis
The transplant team reviews pathology, blood counts, marrow findings and disease-specific laboratory or molecular reports where relevant.
02
Measure disease activity
For blood cancers, this can include remission status and measurable disease. For inherited or marrow-failure disorders, the team assesses severity and previous complications.
03
Check organ function and infection risk
Heart, lungs, liver, kidneys and current or recent infections can materially change transplant eligibility and conditioning choices.
04
Review previous treatment
Bring chemotherapy records, transfusion history, immunosuppressive therapy, prior transplant evaluation and any adverse reactions.
05
Assess donor options
Where an allogeneic transplant is considered, HLA testing and donor health become central to the plan.
The decision

When transplant is considered

There is no universal “transplant stage”. The decision is made from the patient's disease, response to previous treatment, complications and expected transplant risk.

Clinical questionWhy it matters
Is the disease severe enough to justify transplant risk?Discuss → Is there a suitable donor or autologous pathway?Assess → Can the patient safely undergo conditioning and engraftment?Review →
Options

Donor and transplant options

01

Matched sibling

Often the preferred related-donor option when a suitable sibling is available.

02

Haploidentical

A half-matched relative may be an option in modern transplant programmes.

03

Matched unrelated

An unrelated donor may be identified through appropriate donor registries.

04

Autologous

Used for selected cancers where the patient's own collected stem cells are returned after high-dose treatment.

Do not choose a donor from HLA match alone. The transplant team considers donor health, compatibility and the patient's disease-specific pathway.
India journey

What your trip looks like

01
Send reports before travel
We begin with the existing diagnosis and treatment history so the transplant centre can assess the case before arrival.
02
Pre-arrival planning
The centre may request additional reports, HLA testing or donor information before confirming the pathway.
03
Arrival and repeat assessment
The treating team confirms the diagnosis, current disease status, fitness and treatment plan.
04
Treatment and transplant
Conditioning, stem-cell infusion and supportive care follow the centre's protocol.
05
Engraftment and recovery
The patient remains under close monitoring until the transplant team considers discharge appropriate.
Questions

Questions patients and families ask

No. Transplant is one part of the treatment options for selected patients. The decision depends on the leukaemia subtype, genetic risk, response to treatment and relapse risk.

The answer depends on the disease and transplant strategy. Many transplant plans are made when disease burden is controlled, but the treating haematologist determines the timing.

After an allogeneic transplant, donor immune cells can recognize and attack remaining malignant cells. This graft-versus-leukaemia effect can contribute to the anti-cancer benefit of transplant.

Recovery varies widely. Blood-count recovery, infection risk, graft-related complications and the underlying disease all affect the time to discharge and the length of follow-up.

Start here

Send us the medical file

A complete file gives the transplant team something useful to review. If a report is missing, we will tell you what to obtain before you travel.

Your reports go directly to our medical team. We do not share your records with hospitals until you tell us to.